Abstract
Background
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an
increasingly recognized entity with certain identified predisposing factors in
children. However, the actual incidence, comorbidities, outcomes, and
hospitalization charges among children (aged less than 20 years) in the United
States are largely unknown.
Methods
We analyzed the Kids' Inpatient Database for incidence of
PRES-related hospitalizations, associated diagnoses, in-hospital outcomes, and
charges for children in the United States in 2016. We report demographics, risk
factors, discharge status, mortality, length of stay, and hospitalization
charges.
Results
In 2016, 825 pediatric hospitalizations related to PRES were
captured in the Kids' Inpatient Database. Hospital discharges including solid
organ transplant, bone marrow transplant, hypertension, renal disorder, primary
immunodeficiency, malignancy, sepsis, severe sepsis, systemic connective tissue
disorder, blood transfusion, hypomagnesemia, and sickle cell anemia were
queried for presence of PRES. The majority of patients were discharged home. We
found that PRES-related hospitalizations were significantly associated with
increased length of stay and hospitalization charges in 2016 (P < 0.001). A
mortality rate of 3.2% was found in PRES-related hospitalizations when compared
with 0.4% in non-PRES hospitalizations (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
PRES accounted for 0.04% of the hospitalizations in this
database. Hypertension and the presence of a renal disorder are the most
significant risk factors found to be associated with PRES. The presence of PRES
was associated with a significant increase in hospitalization charges and
increased length of stay.
Courtesy of: https://www.mdlinx.com/journal-summaries/posterior-reversible-encephalopathy-syndrome-incidence-outcomes/2020/01/27/7602791?spec=neurology
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