Kurian MA. GABRB3 mutations: a new and emerging cause of early infantile
epileptic encephalopathy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015 Dec 9. doi:
10.1111/dmcn.12976. [Epub ahead of print]
Tuesday, January 5, 2016
GABRB3 mutations
Papandreou A, McTague A, Trump N, Ambegaonkar G, Ngoh A, Meyer E, Scott RH,
Kurian MA. GABRB3 mutations: a new and emerging cause of early infantile
epileptic encephalopathy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015 Dec 9. doi:
10.1111/dmcn.12976. [Epub ahead of print]
The gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor β3 gene (GABRB3) encodes the β3-subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA ) receptor, which mediates inhibitory signalling within the central nervous system. Recently, GABRB3 mutations have been identified in a few patients with infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. We report the clinical and electrographic features of a novel case of GABRB3-related early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Our patient presented with neonatal hypotonia and feeding difficulties, then developed pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy, characterized by multiple seizure types from 3 months of age. Electroencephalography demonstrated ictal generalized and interictal multifocal epileptiform abnormalities. Using a SureSelectXT custom multiple gene panel covering 48 early infantile epileptic encephalopathy/developmental delay genes, a novel de novo GABRB3 heterozygous missense mutation, c.860C>T (p.Thr287Ile), was identified and confirmed on Sanger sequencing. GABRB3 is an emerging cause of early-onset epilepsy. Novel genetic technologies, such as whole-exome/genome sequencing and multiple gene panels, will undoubtedly identify further cases, allowing more detailed electroclinical delineation of the GABRB3-related genotypic and phenotypic spectra.
Courtesy of: http://www.mdlinx.com/neurology/medical-news-article/2015/12/28/epileptic-encephalopathy-gabrb3-mutations/6447744/?category=sub-specialty&page_id=2&subspec_id=317
We have 2 patients with GABRG3 mutations. That's as close as we get, thus far.
Kurian MA. GABRB3 mutations: a new and emerging cause of early infantile
epileptic encephalopathy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015 Dec 9. doi:
10.1111/dmcn.12976. [Epub ahead of print]
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
Hirose S. Mutant GABA(A) receptor subunits in genetic (idiopathic) epilepsy. Prog Brain Res. 2014;213:55-85.
ReplyDeleteAbstract
The γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAA receptor) is a ligand-gated chloride channel that mediates major inhibitory functions in the central nervous system. GABAA receptors function mainly as pentamers containing α, β, and either γ or δ subunits. A number of antiepileptic drugs have agonistic effects on GABAA receptors. Hence, dysfunctions of GABAA receptors have been postulated to play important roles in the etiology of epilepsy. In fact, mutations or genetic variations of the genes encoding the α1, α6, β2, β3, γ2, or δ subunits (GABRA1, GABRA6, GABRB2, GABRB3, GABRG2, and GABRD, respectively) have been associated with human epilepsy, both with and without febrile seizures. Epilepsy resulting from mutations is commonly one of following, genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy (e.g., juvenile myoclonic epilepsy), childhood absence epilepsy, genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures, or Dravet syndrome. Recently, mutations of GABRA1, GABRB2, and GABRB3 were associated with infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. These mutations compromise hyperpolarization through GABAA receptors, which is believed to cause seizures. Interestingly, most of the insufficiencies are not caused by receptor gating abnormalities, but by complex mechanisms, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, intracellular trafficking defects, and ER stress. Thus, GABAA receptor subunit mutations are now thought to participate in the pathomechanisms of epilepsy, and an improved understanding of these mutations should facilitate our understanding of epilepsy and the development of new therapies.