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Gautam S, Sharma A. Intracranial Hydatid Cyst: A Report of Three Cases in North-West India. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2018 Jan-Mar;13(1):91-95. doi: 10.4103/JPN.JPN_141_17. PMID: 29899780; PMCID: PMC5982502.
Abstract
Human echinococcus is caused by tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus, which forms larval cysts in the human tissue. Incidence in the cerebral form is only 1–2%. This localization can be associated with the involvement of other organs such as liver or lung or may be an isolated infestation of the brain or spinal column. Surgical removal of the intact and unruptured cyst is advised to prevent local recurrence that may require further surgery and long-term treatment with parasiticidal agents. We report three cases who presented with headache, vomiting, hemiparesis with decreased visual acuity, and convulsions. MRI showed a giant hydatid cyst in all three cases which was removed surgically and the patient was successfully discharged. Successful treatment of hydatid cyst requires preoperative diagnosis and meticulous surgical technique for complete excision of cyst without rupture under perioperative coverage of albendazole to avoid recurrence and anaphylaxis.
Alomari MS, Almutairi MK, Alali HM, Elwir JS, Alola SA, Alfattoh NI, Alharthy NA, Azzubi MA. Primary Giant Cerebral Hydatid Cyst in an 8-year-old Girl. Asian J Neurosurg. 2018 Jul-Sep;13(3):800-802. doi: 10.4103/ajns.AJNS_240_16. PMID: 30283551; PMCID: PMC6159100.
Abstract
Echinococcosis, also called hydatid disease, is a parasitic disease that passes from animals to humans. Literature reports suggest very rare cases of cerebral hydatid cysts. Brain involvement with hydatid disease occurs in 1%–2% of all Echinococcus infections. In this report, we aim to emphasize the presentation of such an isolated primary cerebral hydatid cyst, discuss its radiological features, Emergency department management, inpatient medical management, referral to neurosurgery, consequent operative procedures, postoperative care, and outcome.
Ashraf M, Ahmed S, Ahmad S, Ahmad A. A Large Hydatid Cyst in the Brain of a 10-year Child. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2022 Apr;32(4):538-540. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.04.538. PMID: 35330534.
Abstract
Hydatid cyst is the larval form of the parasite, echinococcus granulosus. We operated upon a case of a giant hydatid cyst in the left cerebral hemisphere of a 10-year male child. The patient presented to us with a history of headache, vomiting, vertigo and difficulty in walking. On the examination, there was hemiparesis on the right side and left-sided papilledema. The CT scan showed a large extra-axial cystic lesion in the left frontotemporoparietal area. Craniotomy and excision of the cyst by hydro-dissection was performed. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged. Albendazole was given postoperatively for a period of one month. The follow-up CT scan, performed after three months, showed complete resolution of the disease.
Gök H, Başkurt O. Giant Primary Intracranial Hydatid Cyst in Child with Hemiparesis. World Neurosurg. 2019 Sep;129:404-406. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.129. Epub 2019 Jun 26. PMID: 31254691.
Abstract
Hydatid cyst is the larval form of the parasite Echinococcus. Echinococcus granulosus and less commonly Echinococcus multilocularis species cause the disease. Intracranial hydatid disease is relatively rare; the incidence is approximately 1%-2%. Intracranial hydatid cyst can be classified as primary and secondary. A primary cyst, the most common type, is always solitary. The treatment of hydatid cyst is surgical, and the aim of surgery is to remove the cyst without rupture to prevent recurrence or anaphylactic reaction. The Dowling technique (improved by Arana-Iniguez and San Julian) has been widely used for the excision. Albendazole and praziquantel are the medical treatment of choice. In recurrent cases or cases with rupture during surgery, medical therapy has been reported to be effective. Preoperative and postoperative albendazole may be considered to sterilize the cyst, decrease the chance of anaphylaxis, lower the tension in the cyst wall, and reduce the recurrence.
Abstract
The diagnosis of hydatid cyst should be considered in children with seizure in endemic regions.
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