Sandhu A, Seth M, Gurm HS. Daylight savings time and
myocardial infarction. Open Heart. 2014 Mar 28;1(1):e000019.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Prior research has shown a transient increase in the
incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after daylight savings time
(DST) in the spring as well as a decrease in AMI after returning to standard
time in the fall. These findings have not been verified in a broader population
and if extant, may have significant public health and policy implications.
METHODS:
We assessed changes in admissions for AMI undergoing
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Blue Cross Blue Shield of
Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) database for the weeks following the
four spring and three fall DST changes between March 2010 and September 2013. A
negative binomial regression model was used to adjust for trend and seasonal
variation.
RESULTS:
There was no difference in the total weekly number of PCIs
performed for AMI for either the fall or spring time changes in the time period
analysed. After adjustment for trend and seasonal effects, the Monday following
spring time changes was associated with a 24% increase in daily AMI counts
(p=0.011), and the Tuesday following fall changes was conversely associated
with a 21% reduction (p=0.044). No other weekdays in the weeks following DST
changes demonstrated significant associations.
CONCLUSIONS:
In the week following the seasonal time change, DST impacts
the timing of presentations for AMI but does not influence the overall
incidence of this disease.
Jiddou MR, Pica M, Boura J, Qu L, Franklin BA. Incidence of
myocardial infarction with shifts to and from daylight savings time. Am
J Cardiol. 2013 Mar 1;111(5):631-5.
Abstract
Modulators of normal bodily functions such as the duration
and quality of sleep might transiently influence cardiovascular risk. The
transition to daylight savings time (DST) has been associated with a short-term
increased incidence ratio (IR) of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The
present retrospective study examined the IR of AMIs that presented to our
hospitals the week after DST and after the autumn switch to standard time,
October 2006 to April 2012, with specific reference to the AMI type. Our study
population (n = 935 patients; 59% men, 41% women) was obtained from the electronic
medical records of the Royal Oak and Troy campuses of the Beaumont Hospitals in
Michigan. Overall, the frequency of AMI was similar in the spring and autumn,
463 (49.5%) and 472 (50.5%), respectively. The IR for the first week after the
spring shift was 1.17 (95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.36). After the
transition from DST in the autumn, the IR for the same period was lower, but
not significantly different, 0.99 (95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.16).
Nevertheless, the greatest increase in AMI occurred on the first day (Sunday)
after the spring shift to DST (1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 2.02; p
<0.05). Also, a significantly greater incidence was found of non-ST-segment
myocardial infarction after the transition to DST in the study group compared
with that in the control group (p = 0.022). In conclusion, these data suggest
that shifts to and from DST might transiently affect the incidence and type of
acute cardiac events, albeit modestly.
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